The design of anchor spacing between rock wool board and the base layer requires comprehensive consideration of structural safety, wind pressure resistance, and construction feasibility. The core logic is to ensure a reliable connection between the rock wool board and the base wall through scientifically distributed anchor points, preventing detachment or deformation due to external forces. This process requires considering factors such as rock wool board thickness, building height, base wall type, and environmental conditions, and is achieved through coordinated optimization of regulatory requirements and engineering practices.
The determination of anchor spacing must first meet building energy efficiency design standards and construction acceptance specifications. Generally, anchors on the rock wool board should be arranged according to the principle of "longitudinal rows and transverse columns," forming a regular grid distribution. The setting of longitudinal and transverse spacing must balance the fixing effect and material cost: too small a spacing will lead to a surge in the number of anchors, increasing construction complexity and cost; too large a spacing may cause local stress concentration, leading to deformation or detachment of the rock wool board. In actual engineering, longitudinal and transverse spacing are often taken to be close to simplify construction operations and ensure uniform stress distribution.
The corners of the base wall, door and window openings, eaves, and other edge areas are key areas for anchor placement. These areas, due to abrupt geometric changes or concentrated external forces, require enhanced connection strength through denser anchors. For example, at corners, anchor spacing can be reduced to half the standard spacing, using a staggered arrangement to distribute anchor points on both sides of the corner, avoiding stress concentration. Anchors should be added at the four corners around door and window openings, evenly distributed along the edges of the openings to ensure the rock wool board's wind pressure resistance at these locations. Eaves require increased anchor counts to resist the effects of rainwater erosion and wind suction on the rock wool board.
Building height is a key factor influencing anchor spacing. As building height increases, wind loads increase significantly, placing higher demands on the connection strength between the rock wool board and the base layer. In high-rise buildings, the number of anchors needs to be gradually increased with height; for example, low-rise buildings may require anchors per square meter, while high-rise buildings require additional anchors. Furthermore, high-rise buildings must consider the impact of seismic forces on anchors, improving the rock wool board's stability under seismic loads by adding seismic-resistant anchors or using elastic connections.
The thickness and density of the rock wool board directly affect the selection of anchor spacing. Thicker rock wool board requires longer anchoring depths and greater anchoring forces to ensure a reliable connection between the anchors and the base wall. High-density rock wool board, due to its higher strength, can have more relaxed anchor spacing, but its wind pressure resistance performance needs to be verified through testing. In actual projects, the type and spacing of anchors matching the board thickness and density should be selected according to the rock wool board product manual and design requirements to avoid connection failure due to insufficient anchoring force.
The construction environment also significantly impacts the determination of anchor spacing. In humid or corrosive environments, anchors need higher corrosion resistance, and the spacing should be appropriately reduced to compensate for the impact of environmental factors on connection strength. In high- or low-temperature environments, the thermal expansion and contraction of the anchor material must be considered to prevent a decrease in anchoring force due to temperature changes. Furthermore, the construction season and weather conditions must also be taken into account. For example, during winter construction, sufficient time should be allowed for anchor installation to ensure the adhesive fully cures before proceeding with subsequent procedures.
The determination of anchor spacing also needs to be optimized based on construction feasibility. Overly dense anchor placement increases the difficulty of drilling and installation, extending the construction period; overly sparse placement may lead to the failure of some anchor points due to construction errors. In actual projects, it is necessary to verify the rationality of the anchor spacing through sample wall tests and adjust the design parameters based on the test results. At the same time, construction personnel must strictly follow the design requirements to ensure the installation quality of each anchor point and avoid affecting the overall connection performance due to construction defects.
